The Fall Of Feudalism And The Rise Of Capitalism - 1304 Words

The fall of feudalism in the 12th century eventually led to the rise of capitalism. To get there, the first thing needed was a change in thinking. This began with the scientific revolution, and led to the Enlightenment in the 18th century. The Enlightenment, also known as the Age of Reason, was highlighted by individualism, reason, and skepticism. Skepticism caused people to denounce divine right of kings, thus moving from monarchies to democracies. This desire for knowledge coupled with the scientific revolution resulted in new manufacturing inventions that made the production process more efficient and advanced society, this is referred to as the industrial revolution. These major events altered almost every feature of daily life for†¦show more content†¦The means of production are everything needed for manufacturing. This includes the factories, the labor force, and the raw materials. Marx also uses the term social relations of production, which is the social relationship s people enter by being a part of the means of production. The mode of production  ¬Ã‚ ¬is the combination of social class and the social relations of production of that period in time. These both establish life in general: the political and social institutions, culture, and ideologies. Marx believed that you are born into societies where the social relations of production are already predetermined. This means as a result, things like a person’s knowledge, ideologies, and beliefs are determined by their place in class. There are also other features of society that are an outcome of the social relations of productions. Things like products and institutions come out the need for them. Educational institutions come from the need for a higher educated population. Products come from the need of a product to solve a certain problem. It is no secret that Marx and Engels believed capitalism was detrimental for society. They believed capitalism caused alienation- feeling of being separated from the world and society you live in- in its workers. Marx distinguished four types of alienation: (1) alienation of the worker from the product of his work, (2) alienation of theShow MoreRelatedKey Differences Between Feudalism And Capitalism996 Words   |  4 Pagesdifferences between feudalism and capitalism. Explain how Heilbroner discusses the rise and establishment of capitalism? In this short essay, I will explain few key differences between feudalism and capitalism based on Heilbroners book. They are as follows: the property rights (Land), the system of wage and labor (Workers), and the existence of competition. Additionally, I will discuss the rise of capitalism based on Heilbroner point of view. Both feudalism and capitalism are defined by manyRead MoreMain Reasons for the Fall of Feudalism1067 Words   |  5 PagesFeudalism developed as a result of the frequent invasions made by the vikings during the Middle Ages around the 900s to early 1500s. Feudalism served its purpose by creating a system where the king would appoint lords that would appoint knights to appoint serfs that would be expected to work the land and fields in exchange for food, protection, and accommodations. It provided stability because lords were able to govern smaller groups of people through a system called manorialism. Feudalism allowedRead MoreThe Rise and Fall of Feudalism770 Words   |  4 PagesXiang Wei Feudalism, as a decentralized political system, flourished in Medieval Europe. In this essay, the main political and economic characteristics of Feudalism will be mentioned, while discussing the main historical factors to the rise and fall of feudalism. The rise of Feudalism was a direct result of insecurity that caused by several significant historical factors. At first, the collapse of Roman Empire that led to prolonged unrest and power struggles was essentially a reason for why EuropeRead MoreKarl Marx And The Productive Power1182 Words   |  5 PagesKarl Marx believed that growth is driven by the progression of the productive power by human. This productive power was also the rise and fall of an economic structure according to how progression is supported and downcast. Marx suggest that through communism it is possible to eliminate the constraint that exploitation has on the society’s laborers. The mode of production involves the methods humans use to produce the resources to sustain the provision for survival and to improve society as a wholeRead MoreFeudalism And The Middle Ages816 Words   |  4 PagesFeudalism In The Middle Ages When people conjure images of the Middle Ages, people think of chaos, war, and little improvement. In fact, much of this is true. During the Middle Ages, a system called the Feudal System was formed to maintain order. It might have made life tough for peasants, but it kept nobles, or upper-class people, rich and in power. The Feudal System greatly affected daily life for everyone, but, in time, it collapsed. The constant chaos of the Middle Ages caused the Feudal SystemRead MoreMarxist View of the Capitalistic Mode of Production and Exploitation1096 Words   |  5 Pagesadvantage of the labor power of the proletariat, creating profit and fueling the expansion necessary to keep profit margins at acceptable levels. Marx argues that this economic system, in which capital is the basis of wealth, sprung from the fall of feudalism when the means of production made obsolete the feudalistic relations of production, in which ownership of land was the basis of wealth. His claim, therefore, that capitalistic societies are exploitative class societies is true when one considersRead MoreMarx v. Weber1453 Words   |  6 Pagesand Max Weber, each both had theories about how capitalism evolved in society aswas well as what social inequality is. In this essay, I will explain the theories of these two sociologists in these areas and show how each had merit based on what we know today. O.K introductio n but no real thesis.) My thesis (Aha!) for this paper is that capitalism breeds social inequality. Though social inequality can exist outside of capitalism, with capitalism social inequality is an inherent part of the systemRead MoreThe Manifesto Of The Communist Party758 Words   |  4 Pagescogently examine the role that the rise of capitalistic markets has had on the social order, exposing the shift of hierarchical distinctions from lord and serf to owner and worker. As Marx and Engels attempt to define the trajectory of history they looks at these issues from a high level of abstraction which allows their major thesis about class conflict providing the basis for historical change to take shape. With this strategy they are able to connect the rise of markets with increasing globalizationRead MoreKarl Marx and Adam Smith Essays1386 Words   |  6 Pagesof their own, are reduced to selling their labor power in order to live. While Smith, in his Wealth of Nations, wrote in favor of capitalism, Marx, i n his Communist Manifesto, was a harsh critic of the system and declared its inevitable destruction and consequent rise of the working class. According to Marx, history is a series of class struggles that rise and fall according to economic changes. Marx claimed that society has an economic base; economic changes force a consequent restructuring ofRead MoreConsumerism And Consumerism1315 Words   |  6 Pageseffect of World War II, American pop art introduced to Europe nations and it became their part of European postwar culture. After the fall of the Feudalism, the capitalist mode of production was introduced in many European countries. The countries were controlled by bourgeois, not by the lord. German socialist Karl Marxist gave a definition of Capitalism. Capitalism is a society with force of production that is based on the wage and labor. To explain, people must sell their capacity to work in exchange

My Husband’s Lover Free Essays

My Husband’s Lover is a Filipino drama television series created and developed by Suzette Doctolero and produced by GMA Network. It premiered on June 10, 2013 on the network’s coveted Primetime block. The series stars Carla Abellana, Tom Rodriguez and Dennis Trillo as the main characters. We will write a custom essay sample on My Husband’s Lover or any similar topic only for you Order Now Carolyn Galve serves as the executive producer of show and Dominic Zapata directed the series. It is credited as the very first gay-themed series in Philippine television due to the series’ central subject of homosexual relationships and infidelity. The show has multiple continuing story lines that tackle sensitive yet relevant social issues like homosexual and bisexual relationships, homophobia and the society’s discrimination against homosexuals, infidelity, pre-marital sex and the consequences of early or unplanned marriages. It also tackles the importance of family, friendship, integrity and love. Vincent Soriano (Tom Rodriguez) got his girlfriend Lally Agatep (Carla Abellana) pregnant while they were still in college. So they decided to get married even if the two of them were not ready for the responsibility and Vincent’s mother Elaine was very much against it. Thus Lally’s married life was never smooth-sailing because of Elaine. But for the love for her husband, Lally endures the hardships in dealing with her mother-in-law. However, when Lally got pregnant on their second child, Vincent suddenly became distant and cold towards her. Lally felt that Vincent was being unfair to her so she decided to leave together with their children. Vincent loves his kids so much, so he tried to win back his wife by proposing and this time getting married again with a blessing from the church. Unknown to Lally, Vincent is keeping a secret from her; it is also a secret he has kept from everyone else ever since he was young. Vincent was a closeted homosexual man who never planned to come out because he was afraid that it’ll destroy his family. However, everything changed when he crosses paths with Eric del Mundo (Dennis Trillo) again – his greatest love. Unlike Vincent, Eric is openly gay. But, just like Vincent, he still is in love with him. Eventually, the two men start an affair and Vincent tries to hide the affair from Lally by showering her with gifts and attention. However, Lally’s intuition tells her that something is wrong even though everything in her married life seems fine. That’s when she starts to investigate and she eventually learns of Vincent’s darkest secret. II. Audience Reception My reception Well, at first I didn’t like the idea of My Husband’s Lover because I’m not a homosexual, and I don’t like homosexuals too, so I didn’t watch the Pilot Episodes of My Husband’s Lover. But then, my Mom used to watched television after work, it just so happens that she turned the channel to channel 7 (GMA) and the show was My Husband’s Lover, she watched for a few minutes, after the show she got attracted by the story. She goes by everyday watching the show. I have no choice but to watch too, since we only have one television and I have nothing to do. The show’s story is good as it is. I just don’t like the theme of the show which is about homosexuals. But by watching it every day, I came to like the show. I even got excited when Lally is about to discover her husband’s secret. I think I liked the show because of the professionalism of the actors, and the moral lesson given to us by the story itself. There are many moral lessons in this story; you just need to dig deep into the words spoken by the actors. B. Others reception Interviewee: Maria Aileen Icay She said, â€Å"For the past few days, this drama has been consistently topping the trends and even the ratings despite its unusual story concept. This drama has taken our country by storm. We define it along with the veterans in the Philippine entertainment industry as â€Å"Phenomenal†. This drama that I’m so proud of for is the most talked-about†My Husband’s Lover†. Primarily it’s because this drama is a gem! For a drama fan like me, this drama has set the bar higher for upcoming Philippine dramas and is a history in itself. This is the first drama that tackles same-sex relationship in a very realistic manner. Aside from that, the family issues this drama portrays are something that most of us can empathize with or can even relate to. It’s just sad that some people refrain from watching this masterpiece just because they are a fan of the rival network or they’re a Roman Catholic or they are against same-sex relationships. † Interviewee: Gia Francia Leron She said, â€Å"I just love this drama because everything is very well executed. The story, script, acting and cinematography. No drama is perfect but this is by far the best Filipino drama I’ve ever seen in my watching experience† Interviewee: John Kenneth Sarampote He said, â€Å"What makes My Husband’s Lover such an extraordinary and groundbreaking drama is the fact that it defies standards. We see Vincent and Eric, all masculine and manly, identify themselves as gay men. We see that their relationship is rooted on love and not on monetary co-dependence. We see that there are many layers of characters that define a gay man. We see two gay men struggle prejudice that pushes them to loathe themselves and hide who they really are. We see that all people, no matter what gender, struggle in their own way. † Interviewee: John Paul Luis He said, â€Å"I’ve never been a Kapuso viewer actually. I liked the show even before it aired on television because of the theme, the theme song, the story. Everything. I also liked the show because I can relate to Vincent (Tom Rodriguez) especially on his life, the part wherein he hides his real identity just because his father is a retired general. I envy Eric (Dennis Trillo) because of the acceptance of his mom that he is Gay and her mom is just okay with it. I pity Lally (Carla Abellana) because right from the start, Vincent had been lying to her. What I can only say is that this show made me cry. All of the emotions are already here. Interviewee: Maurice Kim Lim He said, â€Å"What makes My Husband’s Lover unique is its central struggle — that of a wife witnessing the disintegration of her marriage with her closeted gay husband, whose failure to come to terms with his homosexuality gives Filipinos a venue to discuss pressing LGBT issues. â€Å" How to cite My Husband’s Lover, Papers

Consumer Behavior Study Notes free essay sample

Consumer Behaviour: the study of the processes involved when individuals or groups select, purchase, use, or dispose of products, services, ideas, or experiences to satisfy needs and desires. Consumer behaviour is a process Buyer behaviour: the interaction between consumers and producers at the time of purchase. * Exchange (two or more organizations or people give and receive something of value) is an integral part of marketing Consumer behaviour involves many different actors Purchaser and the user of a product may not necessarily be the same person * Another person can also act as an influencer when providing recommendations for or against certain products without actually buying or using them Segmenting Consumers Market Segmentation: process of identifying groups of consumers who are similar to one another in one or more ways and devising marketing strategies that appeal to one or more groups Demographics: statistics that measure observable aspects of a population (i. e. birth rate, age distribution, income, etc. * Changes and trends revealed in demographic studies are of great interest to marketers since it can be used to locate and predict the sizes of markets * Markets can usually be segmented by age, gender, family structure, social class and income, ethnicity, geography, and lifestyles Chapter 2: Perception Exposure Exposure: the degree to which people notice a stimulus that is within range of their sensory receptors Sensory Thresholds Psychophysics: the science that focuses on how the physical environment is integrated into our personal, subjective world The absolute threshold Absolute threshold: the minimum amount of stimulation that can be detected on a sensory channel The differential threshold Differential threshold: the ability of a sensory system to detect changes in a stimulus or differences between the two stimuli Just noticeable difference (JND): the minimum change in a stimulus that can be detected * The ability to detect a difference between two stimuli is the relative difference between the decibel level of the message and its surroundings Weber’s Law The stronger the initial stimulus, the greater its change must be for it to be noticed K= ? II where: K = the constant increase or decrease necessary for the stimulus to be noticed (this varies across the senses) ?I = the minimal change in intensity of the stimulus required to be just noticeable to the person (JND) I = the intensity of the stimulus before the change occurs * Retailers generally use a markdown rule of at least 20% to make an impact on shoppers Subliminal Perception * Another word for â€Å"threshold† is limen and stimuli that fall below the limen are called subliminal Subliminal perception: occurs when the stimulus is below the level of the consumer’s awareness Subliminal techniques Embeds: tiny figures that are inserted into magazine advertising by using high speed photography or airbrushing (supposedly exert strong but unconscious influences on innocent readers) Does subliminal perception work? Evaluating the evidence Factors why subliminal messages do not work: 1. There are wide individual differences in threshold levels. For a subliminal message to affect all individuals, it must be able to target ALL thresholds (which is impossible) 2. Advertisers cannot control the consumer’s position and distance from the screen (not everyone will have the same amount of exposure) 3. Consumers must pay absolute attention to the stimulus (not everyone does, most people are distracted) 4. Even if there is an effect, it only operates on a general level (can’t get a specific message out) Attention Attention: the extent in which the brain’s processing activity is devoted to a particular stimulus Multitask: the ability to process information from more than one medium at a time Perceptual sensitivity: process in which people attend to only a small portion of the stimuli to which they are exposed Personal selection factors Perceptual vigilance: consumers are more likely to be aware of stimuli that relate to their current needs (i. e. if you are hungry†¦ you will notice more food signs) Perceptual defence: people see what they want to see – and don’t see what they don’t want to see. If a stimulus is threatening to us in some way, we may not process it or we may distort its meaning so that it is more acceptable (i. e. smokers ignoring the warning on the cigarette package) Adaptation: the degree to which consumers continue to notice a stimulus over time (the more exposed to are, the less sensitive you are to it) Factors leading to adaptation: * Intensity (less intense stimuli habituate because they have less of a sensory impact) * Duration (stimuli that require lengthy exposure to be processed tend to habituate because they require a long attention span) * Discrimination (simple stimuli tend to habituate because they do not require attention to detail) * Exposure (frequently encountered stimuli tend to habituate as the rate of exposure increases) * Relevance (stimuli that are irrelevant or unimportant will habituate because they fail to attract attention) Stimulus selection factors Factors that allow stimuli to be noticed: * Size * Colour * Position * Novelty (stimuli that appear in unexpected ways or places tend to grab attention) Chapter 3: Learning Memory Learning: relatively permanent change in behavior that is caused by experience. Incidental learning: unintentional acquisition of knowledge. Behavioural Learning Theories Behavioral Learning Theories: assume learning takes place because of responses to external events. Classical Conditioning Classical conditioning: when a stimulus that elicits a response is paired with another stimulus that initially does not elicit a response on its own. Over time this 2nd stimulus (UCS) causes a similar response because it is associated with the first stimulus (CS). Unconditional stimulus (UCS): a stimulus naturally capable of causing a response (i. e. flavouring) Conditioned stimulus (CS): a stimulus that causes a response because of a learned association (i. e. bell) Conditioned response (CR): a new or modified response elicited by a stimulus after conditioning (i. . drool) Repetition * Repeated exposures increase the strength of stimulus-response associations and prevent the decay of these associations in memory * Most effective repetition strategy seems to be a combination of spaced exposures that alternate in terms of media that are more or less involving * Lack of association can be due to extinction (when the effects of a prior conditioning are reduced and finally disappear) Adv ertising wearout: repeated similar advertisements will lead to consumers tuning out Stimulus generalization Stimulus Generalization: tendency of stimuli similar to CS to evoke similar conditioned responses Masked branding: strategy used to deliberately hide a product’s true origin Applications: * Family branding (capitalize on the repetition of a company name) * Product line extensions (related products are added to an established brand) * Licensing (well-known names are rented by others) * Look-alike packaging (distinctive packaging designs create strong associations with a particular brand) Stimulus discrimination Stimulus Discrimination: stimulus similar to CS is not followed by a UCS -gt; causes weakened reactions Instrumental Conditioning Instrumental Conditioning: known as operant conditioning, individual learns to perform behaviors that produce positive outcomes and avoids negative ones. There are 4 types: positive/negative reinforcement, punishment, extinction Shaping: process of rewarding intermediate actions (i. e. customers are rewarded with discounts in hopes of them coming for a second visit)

The Glass Castle by Jeannette Walls Essay Example For Students

The Glass Castle by Jeannette Walls Essay In life we as people are faced with challenges and adversities regardless of racial background, social status, or religious lifestyle. Some people are faced with more hardships than others, and how people deal with their issues can differ depending on the people they surround around them. Merriam Webster describes adversity as a state, condition, or instance of serious or continued difficulty or adverse fortune (Merriam). This is apparent when you compare and contrast the memoir The Glass Castle by Jeannette Walls, verses the documentary Inocente which follows a girl name Inocente. As where the racial backgrounds, family settings, and locations of the protagonist differ, there is a clear relation between the two stories. We will write a custom essay on The Glass Castle by Jeannette Walls specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now As where there are many differences in the story, one of the most major differences is how both of the protagonist handle their hardships. Both The Glass Castle and Inocente follows the lives of two young girls who are both growing up in a life of poverty, and they are both surviving homelessness with their families. Both of the protagonist are victims of homelessness, selfish parents, and massive shame. Though there is a clear difference of how the protagonist are forced to deal with their situations, and there are clearly different perspectives from each protagonist. In The Glass Castle as where Jeannette Walls family is struck with poverty, there seems to be a certain type of normality in her lifestyle. From reading the book it can be theorized that Jeannettes father could be suffering from a psychological disorder, but unlike Inocentes father Jeannette is not facing traumatizing abuse from her father. In fact both of Jeannettes parents seem to showcase and express love for their children in a somewhat. .g, and appears to be very focused on her craft. Therefore when she was given the opportunity to showcase her work she did so with excitement and positivity, and witnessed like Jeannette Walls did, success through her passion. As Harriet Tubman stated once, â€Å"Every great dream begins with a dreamer. Always remember, you have within you the strength, the patience, and the passion to reach for the stars to change the world (Tubman). † Works Cited Inocente. Dir. Sean Fine. Perf. Inocente Izucar. Cinema Guild, 2012. DVD. Tubman, Harriet . Passion Quotes. BrainyQuote. Xplore, n.d. Web. 24 Nov. 2013. html>. Walls, Jeannette. The Glass Castle: A Memoir. New York: Scribner, 2005. Print. adversity. Merriam-Webster. Merriam-Webster, n.d. Web. 24 Nov. 2013. .

Writing College Essay

Writing College Essay Writing College Essay The tutor may offer you several essay topics. Once the topic is chosen - you are ready for college essay writing.Prior towriting college essay, read the following helpful information. The first or introductory paragraph fulfills several functions: the initial sentence or sentences should lead the reader to the English essay topic by moving from more general statements on the overall subject matter to the actual focus of your college essay. A feasible strategy is to depart from what is commonly known to the reader and then highlight the new and particular aspects which the college essay will contribute to the current of research in the field. These original contributions are pointed out in the so-called thesis statement, which should be part of the introductory paragraph and serve as a first orientation on content, methodology, and structure of your college essay: Writing College Essay Tips One part of the thesis statement has to define the specific focus of the academic essay. It is crucial to narrow down the essay topic in a sensible and practicable way. Good English college essays are characterized by a clearly and convincingly focused topic. Furthermore, the introductory paragraph gives an idea of what aspects of the topic are presented and in what order. This "road map" makes the structure of college essay transparent and comprehensible from the very beginning and, thereby, provides the reader with a basic sense of orientation. Naturally, these individual parts of the thesis statement cannot always be presented separately, since they are often intricately inter-woven with each other. For example, the methodology may already be suggested by the English essay topic, while the road map and the theoretical approach might be interconnected. Therefore, it is be advisable to combine topic and approach, or methodology and road map. The choice of writing strategy is shaped by the individual essay writing skills and preferences. However, it is essential for all three aspects to be clearly stated. College Essay Help College essay writing is a complex work. It requires assiduity and attentiveness. You have to spend a lot of time in the college library looking for information.Sometimes ordering college essay online may help student to avoid the rush. gives you the chance to enjoy other activities while the college essay is written for you by professional writer. You are welcome to request unlimited number of revisions and claim free plagiarism report. In addition, our blog with numerous tips on writing essays is absolutely free! You will find a lot of pages on term paper, coursework, dissertation,and other types of academic writing. Popular posts: Thesis Writing Tips Cold War History Essay English Essay Writing Good Essay Topics World Hunger Essay

Changing Business Environment for Model of Airtel-

It is a fact that in order to achieve profit-making opportunities, organizations desire to go international and they adopt several different ways and tactics which they think will provide them competitive advantage. In the foreign markets, the organizations intend to increase the sale of their production and services and therefore, they sell their products and services at very lower cost. The same strategy is used by the Bharti Airtel in its business operation. It expands its business through low-cost models and targets the other emerging countries for more sale of its services (Aggarwal, 2013). The uniqueness of Bharti Airtel lies in the fact that it has entered into the emerging new markets. The very first advantage that it receives is that it can get benefit for the capabilities and resources of those emerging countries that always seek for getting an opportunity for expanding their services. Hence, in most of they get merged along with the leading organizations such as Bharti Air tel (Damodaran, 2013). Curwen and Whalley (2014), have stated that Airtel shares its stake with the other industries in the field of telecommunication like they did with the Warburg pictures in order to ensure better industrial growth. Such a diverse collaboration is indeed an unique approach which is not followed by the other European MNEs. Along with that, the model of Bharti Airtel is regarded as a unique model for the telecom as it is an effective model for every emerging market like China and India. In many countries apart from these, Airtel has emerged as a dominant player because of its innovative and unique method of business as well as strong brand. Most of the companies belonging from the same industries, focus on getting a hold of the Indian markets, while on the other hand, Airtel is continuously thriving to put more concentration on the international markets. The management team of Airtel has realized that the extensive experience of the company that it has gathered fro m the Indian markets, with its distinctive business model will help to grab the opportunity that is provided by the other developing markets. This has resulted in Airtel, claiming the Zain Group’s telecom business in more than ten different countries of Africa (White, 2013). This has given the company a good start in the African continent as well. However there are several other factors that Airtel fouces on and these factors also contribute to the uniqueness of the Airtel. These factors are mentioned below: One of the most unique models of Airtel that makes it different from the other European MNEs is that of its â€Å"minute factory model†, which they have used in Bangladesh after gaining the Warid Telecom (Satanarayana, Sambasiva & Krishnamurthy, 2017). Furthermore, its international corporate level strategies are also unique to that of the MNEs. They are mentioned below: - The primary motive of a brand for attaining competitive advantage and profit-making opportunities are two of the factors that affect the brand recognition in order to develop all over the world. These motives could be achieved by changing the global environment. In this context, Zhu, Sarkis & Lai (2013) have been stated that such an expansion of a business could easily take place through encouraging the development of the organizational performance and minimizing the trade barriers. There are several organizations such as the manufacturing or retail companies that is going hand in hand with the trend and has been adopted the modern technology of computerization in order to reach their customers around the world, notwithstanding the fact that they do not have any outlet or any kind of physical store present in that country. With the same, organization such as the Bharti Airtel always looks forward towards the present of opportunities in order to access the resources from other natio ns around the globe. They search for an opportunity so that those resources could be obtained through acquiring the other companies in the same field of the developing or emerging nations. Deshmukh, Deshmukh and Thampi (2013) have stated that companies such as Bharti Airtel also reduce their cost with an intention that more number of people from the new nation could use their products. Along with that, the stability in the relation of the international organization and the development of technologies that made it so easy to trade in the international market and incensement has also driven the internationalism of Bharti Airtel. Aggarwal, R. (2013). Adjusting to BRICs in glass houses: replacing obsolete institutions and business models.  Thunderbird International Business Review,  55(1), 37-54. Cappelli, P., Singh, H., Singh, J., & Useem, M. (2015). Indian business leadership: Broad mission and creative value.  The Leadership Quarterly,  26(1), 7-12. Damodaran, S. (2013). New strategies of industrial organization: outsourcing and consolidation in the mobile telecom sector in India. Deshmukh, S. P., Deshmukh, P., & Thampi, G. T. (2013). Transformation from E-commerce to M-commerce in Indian Context.  International Journal of Computer Science Issues (IJCSI),  10(4), 55. Moshi, G. C., & Mwakatumbula, H. J. (2017). Effects of political stability and sector regulations on investments in African mobile markets.  Telecommunications Policy,  41(7-8), 651-661. Satyanarayana, D., Rao, K. S., & Naidu, S. K. (2017). The impact of Reliance Jio on Indian mobile industry-A case study on mergers and acquisitions of idea–Vodafone and Airtel–Telenor.  IJAR,  3(3), 209-212. White, L. (2013). Emerging powers in Africa: Is Brazil any different?.  South African Journal of International Affairs,  20(1), 117-136. Zhu, Q., Sarkis, J., & Lai, K. H. (2013). Institutional-based antecedents and performance outcomes of internal and external green supply chain management practices.  Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management,  19(2), 106-117. .com is the only dissertation service provider in Australia that provides cheap dissertation help while maintaining all quality standards. Hence, students, from various Australian cities prefer taking dissertation help from us. Sydney, Brisbane, Perth and Melbourne rank to when it comes to availing dissertation writing assistance from .com. Our dissertation writers, editors and experts work together to provide students highest quality dissertation help solutions. buy dissertation online from to acquire the final degree without any hassle. You are required to write a researched argument essay that convinces persuades the reader of your position / stance. This is an academic, researched and referenced do... Executive Summary The purpose of this report is to elaborate the factors which are considered by individuals before selecting an occupation. Choosing an occupati... Introduction With the increase enhancement in the field of technology, it has been considered essential by the businesses to implement such technology in their b... Executive Summary In a merger & acquisition, role of an HR has emerged as a very critical function. At each stage of merger and acquisition process, HR plays a s... Introduction In this competitive business environment where every business organization is trying to attract the customers of each other, it becomes essential for ... 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Short Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Short - Essay Example This paper argues that insecurity can be fought without necessarily invading privacy. Following the recent leaks of the spying operations of the National Security Agency (NSA), it is evident that the government sees is traditionally rational to eavesdrop on almost all Americans’ communications for suspicious actions (Editorial Board, 2013). This breach shows that the security agency downplays the privacy rights of the citizens. Even though the society has become increasingly dependent on digital technologies, with most of the details being readily available online, the government has forcibly argued that security is one of its primary mandates. On the contrary, the fact that data gathered by the NSA is normally obtained without the consent of the originators raises some serious questions: why would security threats within the American population find the NSA activities as tactic threatening? Should individuals suspected of posing security threats to millions of innocent civilians enjoy immunity from eavesdropping? If yes, what should be the extent of their pri vacy? In light of these questions, one might think that the recent breaches of privacy would underscore the American society’s security scares as legitimizing their deliberate loss of own individual privacy (Editorial Board, 2013). If this is factual, it would imply that the citizens have become used to the notion of sacrificing their individual privacy in order to stay safe from terror activities. This is not the case, however. As such, the government forcefully argues that an individual who surrenders essential freedom would be safer. Regardless, Editorial Board (2013) said the likely loss of both privacy and security calls for a proper way to balance the two fundamental issues. Instead of gathering personal data on virtually all American citizens, the security agencies need to concentrate on real threats to

Micriobiology Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Micriobiology - Case Study Example A bronchoscopy with BAL has revealed organisms that are consistent with Pneumocystis carinii (Kovacs et al., 2001, 2450-2460). Analysis: His long-drawn disease is consistent with HIV infection that has turned into AIDS over last 2 months leading to most probably an opportunistic infection of the gastrointestinal tract leading to disturbing diarrhea associated with nausea and vomiting. His decreased leukocyte count and pulmonary infection with Pneumocystis carinii indicates opportunistic pulmonary infection that is very characteristic of immunodeficiency associated with AIDS and consequent diminished CD4 count (Newton et al., 2003, 185-186). Thus the original disease that the patient is suffering is AIDS, the hallmark of which is immune deficiency. The treatment with antibacterial agents thus has a chance to break down. This has been ascribed to the profound deficiency in immune function that eventually develops in an infected individual. The virus, HIV suppresses immune function since this has a predilection to infect the immune system, and as a result of continued infection, these cells are eventually destroyed (Adler, 2001, 12-17). The most significant targets of this virus are a subset of thymus derived lymphocytes that carry surface molecule CD4. CD4 has been demonstrated to bind to the envelop glycoprotein of the HIV. Many other cells and tissues, such as, monocytes and macrophages also bear CD4 receptors. Coupled with G-protein coupled receptor family co-receptors, the processing of chemokines in these cells are affected, leading to defective migration, differentiation, and function of leukocytes during immune response to any infective process in the body. Two specific receptors, CCR5 and CXCR4 are important particularly. CCR5 are expressed widely on cells of the immune system that fight disease, such as, lymphocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. When the virus strains infect the primary macrophages through these co-receptors, the macrophages which are prime immune cells themselves are rendered defunct (Adler, 2001, 12-17). From that point of view, the CD4 lymphocytes or T helper cells have known significant and central roles in immune functions, and as a result of HIV infection, these cells are destroyed. In consequence, the body immune response of affected, and these in part explain the immunosuppressive effects of the virus. These cells are normally stimulated by antigen contact, and normally they respond through enhanced cell division and synthesis and release of lymphokines, namely, interferons, tumor necrosis factors, interleukins, and other chemotactic factors that are involved in recruitment of more immune cells. The whole cascade of these phenomena are affected, and as a result the functions of the lymphokines to act as promoters of cytotoxic or suppressor CD8 cells and their maturation and behaviour are all affected, culminating into suppressed synthesis of antibody from the B lymphocytes. Other cells participating in the process of this innate immunity against diseases functionally contribute to the process. These are monocytes, tissue macrophages, and dendritic cell, and hence with an infection with HIV, the total immune system is compromised. Macrophages and particularly dendritic cells are

Violence in Video Games and its effect on Children Essay Example for Free

Violence in Video Games and its effect on Children Essay At the onset of technological innovations, various form of entertainment also evolved. One of the hottest forms of past times today is the video games. Before video games were only played over the television with the use of joystick, but today video games can be played through computers, PSP, among others. In addition, video game today is upgraded in a sense that the players can be online, meaning the enemy is the player on the other station or account. Significantly, most video games today involve violence. Through time, the nature of the video games has been associated with the violent behaviour of the children. Body According to psychological researches, children are likely to be aggressive after playing violent video games. The vulnerability of the children is one of essential factor which causes them to be influenced easily. The impact of playing video games interferes with the developmental stage of the child, as they try to internalise what they see and experience from video games to real life (Gummer, n. pag. ). In addition, the video games is said to be a good teacher in a way that it motivates, grabs attention, and make players capable of performing better (Vorderer and Bryant, p. 367). As a teacher, violent game is capable of teaching brutality and encouraging the children to adopt such strategies in their own lives (Bartol and Bartol, p. 389). Furthermore, violent videogames strongly manipulates the behaviour of the children on has been based on three reasons. Firstly, video games allow the player to actively interact with the enemy, which means the player himself is engaged in the fight. Secondly, video games reward only behaviour that is violent (American Psychological Association, n. pag. ). Lastly, children repeatedly behave violently as they play violent video games time after time. According to research, children are devoting an average time playing video games almost 13 hours per week for boys, while 5 hours for girls (American Psychological Association, n. pag. ). The research also showed that most of the children prefer violent games. In addition, surveys showed that 80% of games in the market are violent (Taylor, p. 10). The exposure of the children to violent video games likely results in the development of aggressive feeling, behaviours, and feelings (American Psychological Association, n. pag. ). Furthermore, exposure to such form of entertainment deteriorates the emotional ability of the child to show carefulness and concern. In dealing with the problem, parents and the community plays vital role. The parents need to know the kinds of games that their children are playing. The time spent in playing video games shall also be monitored and be lessened, instead the children should be encouraged to allot more time in their studies. Furthermore, the parents should not insist video games by limiting their children’s access to violent video games. Conclusion When video game was introduced in the market, its negative effect on children has been a subject for debate. Today, the debate has not yet ended. Instead, video games become more popular among children. It is even being upgraded to entice more consumers. It has also been developed to actively engage the player. Nevertheless, despite denial, violent video games are proven to have a negative influence in the behaviour of the child. This is because they tend to internalize and overtly apply their experiences in real life. Works cited Bartol, Curt, R. , and Bartol, Anne, M. Introduction to Forensic Psychology: Research and Application. London: Sage Publications, 2004. Gummer, Amanda. â€Å"Violence in video games and its effect on children. † The Market for Computer and Video Games. 19 August 2008 http://www. mcvuk. com/opinion/93/Violence-in-video-games-and-its-effect-on-children â€Å"Violent Video Games Psychologists Help Protect Children from Harmful Effects. † American Psychological Association. 19 August 2008 http://www. psychologymatters. org/videogames. html. . Vorderer, Peter, and Bryant, Jennings. Playing Video Games: Motives, Responses, and Consequences. Routledge, 2006. Taylor, Jim. Your Children Are Under Attack: How Popular Culture is Destroying Your Kids Values, and How You Can Protect Them. Sourcebooks, Inc. , 2005.

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Personal Learning Reflection Paper One of the main courses of this semester was to learn various organizational behaviors that are conducted in real business environment. By learning this course, we could understand our future colleagues and ourselves better. Throughout the semester, every week Ashley Hughes gave us an interesting lecture about different topics of oranisational behaviors. Along with the weekly lectures we also had a group presentation that gave us the opportunity to apply the lessons and techniques learnt in our professional and personal lives.During the course of this semester, Organizational Behavior has highlighted numerous topics, which concentrated on investigating the impact that individuals, groups and structures have on behavior within an organization and how their behaviour affect the performance of the organizations for the purpose of applying such technique towards improving an individual’s or an organization's working effectiveness (Jontymagicman, 2012). In this reflection paper, I will discuss the essential areas of organizational behavior: the influence of motivation, managing change and individual learning at an organization. Motivation Motivation, as defined in class, is the energy and commitment a person is prepared to dedicate to a task. In most of organisations, motivation is one of the most troublesome problems. Motivation is about the intensity, direction and persistence of reaching a goal. During the class, we have learned a substantial theories of motivation and many theories of motivations are used in real business. Each theory seems to have different basic values. But, they all have been analysed for one reason, recognising what motivates and increases the performance of employees. Ident... ...rganizational-behaviour-and-its-definition. [Accessed 29 November 13]. Stan Emelander. 2009. The Four Drive Theory in the Workplace. [ONLINE] Available at:http://www.articlesbase.com/human-resources-articles/the-four-drive-theory-in-the-workplace-1650121.html. [Accessed 30 November 13]. MindTools. 2010. Cialdini's Six Principles of Influence. [ONLINE] Available at:http://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/six-principles-influence.htm. [Accessed 02 December 13]. Zhang, X, & BARTOL, K., 2010. Linking empowering leadership and employee creativity-The influence of psychological empowerment, intrinsic motivation, and creative process engagement. Academy of Management Journal, 53, 107-128. Vogler, D., 2010. â€Å"Controlling† vs. â€Å"Empowering† leadership. [ONLINE] Available at:http://www.revivallifestyle.com/controlling-vs-empowering-leadership-styles/. [Accessed 04 December 13].

Mcsa Networking Basics Essay

Introduction What is a network? A network can be defined as two or more computers which are linked together to share resources. These resources can include internet access, printers, software and files. The ‘heart’ of a network is called the server, and its function is to contain all the software and services which the network and its users depend on. Figure 1: Example of a basic network The server is operated by personnel called Network or System Administrators, and it’s their responsibility to ensure the smooth running of the network so it is working as efficiently as possible. This is achieved through the use of a dedicated operating system called Windows Server 2003 – this gives the network administrator complete control over the network functions. Advantages for a network Cost Because networked computers can share the same resources, costs can be dramatically reduced. For example, if there are ten computers in a room each needing access to a printer – it is far cheaper to route all ten computers to a single, shared printer than it is to purchase ten printers; one for each computer. In this example, the saving would also include the cost of ink cartridges (you would only need to purchase one set of cartridges instead of ten). Software can be purchased and installed in a similar cost effective way. Most popular software is able to be bought and installed on a server, and anyone who requires to use it will only need to purchase a license (the legal rights to use it, usually in the form of a certificate). These licenses are far cheaper than buying the software for each user. This method also means that it isn’t necessary for an I.T Technician to install the software on every computer; only one install on the server is needed. Another benefit to this approach is when the software requires an update. If it is server based, only the software on the server would need to be updated. All the users would benefit from the update as soon as it has been installed. If each user had a copy on their computer, I.T Technicians would need to update each one. This could become time consuming, expensive and complicated. The software that this could apply to, includes most Microsoft software and Anti-virus software. Security Security is a vital element in any business. In a network, security is enhanced both internally (security within the network) and externally. Users are given a username and password to access their files and all the programs, hardware etc that they have been given access to. When a user saves a file, it is saved to the server and not the computer that he/she is working on. If that user wants to retrieve that file, it can be done on any computer on the network, and not just on the computer that was originally used. This data can be accessed, monitored and backed up by the Network Administrator at any time. Each department can have their own ‘identity’ on the server, which allows them to have access to files, applications and resources which would be relevant to their requirements. For example, the Accounts department may need to have access to invoicing software (e.g. Sage and Excel), whereas Sales may only require software to monitor and forecast sales over a period of time (e.g. Excel). Accounts may not want other departments accessing their software due to security or confidentiality reasons. Internet security is tighter for both users accessing the internet, and external threats when a network is set up. All the computers can share a single access point to the internet, which makes it easier to monitor internet usage, help reduce hacking and other external threats trying to access data on the network. Another feature which can be applied by the system administrator is Encryption. Data within a folder/subfolder can be encrypted to prevent unauthorized access to data if other security measures have been breached. Typically, only system administrators will be given the ‘recovery key’ to be able to decrypt data incase of system failure or other unforeseen situations. Disadvantages for a network Expensive to install The initial cost of setting up a network can be expensive, with hardware like the server, router, cabling, backup equipment, network printers and server software. Also, dedicated personnel must be hired to keep the server running efficiently and to resolve any server/network issues. Centralised Data Having all of the data in one place means that data could be lost in the event of a system failure. Regular backups of the server are highly recommended (daily, weekly and monthly) to help to keep data safe. But if the server goes down in between backups then all the recent data will be lost. Reduced Performance The server’s performance can become reduced as the network expands or as its workload increases through the working day. A server must have as much memory and processing power as possible to help minimise the reduction in performance. Task 2a Network Topology is the description of how a network is laid out, the devices (server, routers, printers etc) attached to it and the direction which data flows. A network can be described as either Logical Topology (the way data flows in a network) or as a Physical Topology (how a network is physically laid out) There are six main topologies, Bus, Ring, Star, Extended Star, Hierarchical, and Mesh. Bus Topology This can be both a Physical and Logical, in a local area network (LAN), each device is connected by a single cable. This single cable is also referred to as the ‘backbone’ of the network. A terminator must be on either side of the cable to prevent the data signal from bouncing back down it. The Bus Topology was widely used in early networks using standard Co-ax cables. It was an economical solution for networking as only one main cable was needed. The disadvantage to this was if this cable failed, the whole network would go down. Ring Topology In a Ring Topology (also known as IBM Ring Token), each computer (node) is connected to each other in a closed loop. Each computer has its own unique identity on the network. When data is transmitted from one node to the other, the data will include the destination’s identity and will pass through each node until it reaches the destination. This type of topology has two main disadvantages; only one computer can transmit data on the network at a time and if a computer fails the whole network will go down. There is a slight variation to this; the Duel Ring Topology The second ring within the network provides a backup connection, so if there is a failure within the network, the secondary connection will keep the network connected. This is expensive as more cabling is required. Star Topology The most common type is called a Star Topology. Each device is connected to a dedicated central hub. All the data on the network flows through the network via the central hub. These types of networks tend to be small, as data could be degraded or lost on a large network. The main advantages to this is that it is easy to setup and easy to add new devices to the network. But if the central hub fails, the whole network goes down. Extended Star Similar to the Star Topology, but instead computers are grouped together and connected to a local hub, which in turn is connected to a central hub. This is widely used in large networks where the network may be in a large building, and each group of computers may represent each department. There are more points of failure on this network, but if a local hub fails, then the rest of the network will not be affected. Hierarchical or Tree Topology This is very similar to a Ring Topology, but computers are attached to the central hub in layers. While the structure looks different, this still has the main disadvantage of network failure if the top device goes down. Mesh Topology All the above topologies suffer from the same problem. If one device fails on the network, the whole network goes down. The only solution is to connect each device with each other and remove the need for a server. This is the Mesh Topology and has two main advantages; If a device fails, the network will still work and the network doesn’t need to rely on the processing power, bandwidth etc from a server as it is supplied from each computer. The disadvantage to this is the high cost of connecting each device to each other, so this would not be suitable on a large network. This type of topology is also referred to as Peer-to-Peer whereas the other topologies are considered to be Client/Server based. A comprise between cost and connectivity would be the Partial Connected Topology. Devices are connected to more than one node on the network, so if one fails the network can still work. This is more cost effective than Mesh Topology as less cabling is required. Task 2b Recommendations As it stands, the structure of the current network is a Hierarchical or Tree Topology. The network uses two different switches to connect the Domain Controller to the 24 computers. These are from two manufacturers; CISCO and 3Com and this offers 100Mb and 10Mb speeds respectively. This is a disadvantage because one ‘group’ of computers has a quicker data transfer rate than the other. The network does not have a disaster recovery plan should the Domain Controller fail. This has the potential for putting the whole network at risk from permanent data loss. The network also shares a single printer which is attached to the Domain Controller, 10 of the computers are connected to it through the slower 3Com 10Mb switch. This means all 24 computers print via the Domain Controller (which is currently overloaded) and 10 computers send data at a slower rate than the rest of the network. My first recommendation would be to replace both switches with a single CISCO 100Mb 48 port switch ( £631.99 from MISCO website). This would provide a standard, quicker data transfer speed throughout the network and allow for the network to expand. There are a total of 24 computers, and this switch would enable a further 24 devices to be added to the network e.g. additional computers, printers etc. This would allow the network to expand whilst maintaining a fast data transfer speed. With the new switch in place, my next recommendation would be to replace the HP Laserjet III (USB connection only) with a newer, network-ready printer like the HP Laserjet 2055DN or P2030 which costs  £319 and  £160 from HP website. By replacing it with a newer model, printing could be completed quicker, quieter and more cost effectively e.g. more reliable printing, more energy efficient, lower consumable costs etc. Also, sharing the workload throughout a faster network is more efficient than channelling all the printing requirements of the network to an older single printer on a slow 10Mb switch via the Domain Controller. This will also help reduce the workload to the Domain Controller. While the Domain Controller’s workload can be reduced by the addition of a network-ready printer, other options could be to increase the specifications (e.g greater hard drive space, more memory etc). Ensuring the controller has the latest software updates will ensure both the running efficiency and increase the network security. This will help prevent unauthorised access (hacking) to the network. My final recommendation is add disaster recovery and remote working within the network, By regularly backing up data on a daily/weekly/monthly basis, this will ensure the network can be restored in case of total data loss. To assist learning or to prevent students from accidentally causing errors/problems within the network, remote working should be enabled. User accounts can be easy created in Active Directory though the use of a standard template. Templates could be set up for both students and tutors, so all of the common properties of the accounts are already established. When a new user account is required, the administrator will only need to complete the fields that require unique values (eg, name, address, telephone number, course details etc). Once the users have been created within the Active Directory, they can be placed into Organisational Units (OU’s). This will group together users, so in this situation students could be placed in OU’s which represent their course. When the OU’s are established, the users’ configuration settings can be applied through the Group Policy Management Console (GPMC). It holds hundreds of user configuration settings, security options and user event logs, all which can be applied as required by the college administrators. Figure 2: Example of the Group Policy Management Console (GPMC) By using Group Policies effectively, the administrator can control and manage exactly what users can and cannot do whilst logged onto the domain. Administrators are able to control how the desktop appears, the icons that are available and the ability to configure the task bar etc by applying the Desktop setting found within the ‘User Configuration’ in the GPMC. This could be useful if the college policy states that all users must have the Llandrillo College logo as their wallpaper, and various required icons are in place and users to have access to various programs via the ‘start’ menu. To improve password security, administrators are able to increase the effectiveness of the passwords that users apply to protect their identity on the network. The password options can be found within the ‘Password Policy’ within the ‘Computer Configuration section of the GPMC. These options include the ability to reuse old passwords, to apply complexed passwords (eg. more than 6 characters, using upper, lower case letters and digits 0-9). In the example, a programmer has created a random word generator to create passwords. Group policy could be configured so when they log on for the first time, users input the randomly generated password and then they must input their own password using a complexed password. If the user ever forgets the password at any time, administrators are able to reset it through the ‘Active Directory Users & Computers’ tool. Figure 3: Example of Password Policy within GPMC To prevent users from using too much disk space on the network, administrators are able to allocate limited disk space to users and by applying prompts when this space is nearly used up. By putting this in place, administrators can calculate how many users will be on the system multiplied by how much hard disk space each user will be allocated. This total will be the minimum amount of disk space required for all users in each new academic year. Administrators will be able to ensure the server can physically hold all the users data without completely running out or running low of disk space. To achieve this, administrators will need to locate the allocated hard drive and apply a quota, limiting users on how much space they can use. Individual users can have separate entries in the quota, allowing them to have a lesser or a greater share of disk space. This would be useful for tutors who may need greater disk space to store course material etc. When the network is running, administrators may be required to monitor the networks resources to ensure it exceeds the users demands. The tool required is called the ‘Performance Console’ which is found under Administrative Tools. This tool appears in the form of a graph although it has three counters as a default (Memory:Pages/Second, PhysicalDisk: Average Disk Queue Length and Processor: % Processor Time), additional counters can be easily added or removed accordingly. A college administrator may add counters to monitor network bandwidth, server utilisation (memory, cpu performance, disk performance etc). To help administrators monitor the server, counter logs and alerts can be applied. This can enable administrators to proactively identify when system resources run too low or to identify possible hardware failures/malfunctions. Any one of these problems could result in a degraded performance or total server failure. Figure 5: Example of the Performance Console The college network may be required to support remote users, allowing them to access the college network whilst being in a different location eg working from home, from another campus etc. This can be achieved through the use of a Virtual Private Network (VPN). The user will be able to access the college’s network through the use of the internet whilst achieving the required security and data encryption. The network’s firewall must have exceptions to allow authenticated users to access the network whilst preventing unauthorised access. Once the network is running effectively, the next challenge administrators will face is maintaining the security and the efficiency of the network. This can be achieved by deploying server updates and hotfixes as provided by Microsoft. The server can be updated with the use of ‘Automatic Updates’, which can be found within the ‘All Programs’ menu under the start button. Updates can be downloaded either straight away or scheduled to download at a certain day/time. This could be configured to download when the network is at its quietest time (eg 10pm). This would ensure that the update would not effect the overall performance during busy periods. Also, updates for the users computers may be required. Instead of administrators physically installing them on every computer on the network, this could be downloaded on the server as an *msi file and automatically installed via a group policy. So the next time users within the network log onto the network, they will automatically be downloaded & installing the updates from the server with no intervention required.

Love Songs in Age and Wild Oats by Philip Larkin Essay

Throughout Love Songs in Age and Wild Oats, Philip Larkin uses various literary techniques, such as imagery, structure and symbolism to convey certain aspects of love and the passing of time. These aspects are illuminated by Dannie Abse in Down the M4. Love Songs in Age pictures a woman, perhaps Larkin’s mother, who has kept the musical scores of songs she used to play, perhaps on the piano, and rediscovers them after many years, when she is a widow. In the poem, Larkin uses lexical choice to explore how the idea of love is often distorted and in reality, love fails to live up to its promises of ‘freshness’ and ‘brilliance’. In the third stanza, the concept of ‘much-mentioned’ almost cliched, love is presented in its ‘brilliance’, love lifts us up, ‘its bright incipience sailing above’; it is ‘still promising to solve, to satisfy’; and brings order to chaos ‘set unchangeably in order’. However, in a moment of tearful recognition, ‘to cry’ the character reflects on how love has not fulfilled those bright promises, leaving the last sad note: ‘it had not done so then, and could not now’. This painful recognition of the failure of love’s promise to solve the loneliness of our lives, in both youth and age, is illuminated in Down the M4 by Dannie Abse. The negative ending, ‘It won’t keep’ implying that the mother’s life, symbolised by the ‘tune’ is not permanent, illuminates the perishability of love in Love Songs in Age, and how we must eventually see past the ‘promises’ and instead ‘glare’ into the reality of death, without lasting love. In Wild Oats, love is conveyed in a similar fashion. It explains that a person, over the course of time, comes to realise that his greatest desires of love, are unattainable, and second best things will have to suffice. The central purpose of this poem is to show that love is one of these great desires and despite flashes of promise it contains scarcely anything that is more than fragmentary. Larkin reveals, through tone, diction, and irony, the terrible human hopes and cold realities that love inspires. Larkin uses words such as ‘rose’ to explore love as unattainable. The imagery conjures thoughts of gorgeous petals, yet we often forget about the prickly stem on which the rose sits. This word is used in both, the first and third stanzas, to depict the beautiful woman who the narrator falls in love with. Her beautiful face and body allure him into affection, leading him to overlook her harsh ‘thorns’. Ironically rose also suggests favourable, comfortable, or easy circumstances, a definition that is the omplete opposite of what the unattainable lover instigates in the narrator’s life. The speaker also uses words such as ‘cathedral’, ‘ring’, and ‘clergy’ in the second stanza, to implicitly state that he proposes to the beautiful lover, and is denied many times. In the third stanza, Larkin’s creative use of the word ‘snaps’ in describing the pictures of his lover he carries around. Instead of sim ply calling them pictures or photographs, he substitutes a word that resembles what the woman in the picture did to his heart! In the last lines of the first stanza the speaker ends with ‘But it was the friend I took out’, considering he rambles on about how beautiful and great her friend is, it is confusing and ironic that he chooses the girl in ‘specs’. The speaker continues on in the second stanza and says ‘I believe I met beautiful twice’ the uncertainty of how many times he met her is not genuine and is only meant to look like he does not consider or remember how many times they met, when realistically it is all he cares about. In the third stanza the speaker states, ‘Well, useful to get that learnt’. This is attempt by the speaker to alleviate the cold reality of the complete loss of his desire in trying to say that he learned a valuable lesson about love. However, this is contradictory because he settled for the girl in ‘specs’ as a result of knowing that the beautiful girl, who ultimately symbolises true love, was unattainable from the beginning. This unattainability is illuminated by the ‘perishable’ story Abse’s mother tells him every time he visits in Down the M4. This suggests that age, and perhaps attempts at love may well be repeated again and again, but eventually we all become ‘bored to love’. Not only does Larkin explore love but he also explores the past and the swift movement from youth to adulthood. In Love Songs in Age, Larkin uses the movement of the sheets or records to symbolise the movement from love and youth to motherhood, widowhood and to the memory of youth in old age, which is depicted as awakening to a painful recognition of the failure of love’s promise to solve the loneliness of our lives, in both youth and age. Everyday domestic objects and places are captured in everyday expressions, ‘a tidy fit’, the poem then moves into highly wrought figurative language to express distance between our actions and thoughts and hopes of transcendence through love, ‘its bright incipience sailing above’, and finally moves into realisation of ‘It had not done so then, and could not now’. This shows how the past and present merge and our life experience or age does not lessen our longing and disappointments. The unfailing sense of being young, spread out like a spring-woken trees’ shows the use of natural imagery to connect youth to the idea of spring. Alternatively, like a season, it quickly passes and before we realise it, we have grown old. This idea is also made more potent by the woman’s age, that only in ‘widowhood’ does she find them, and the nostalgia sweeps over her. Larkin explores how when we are young, we have ‘that certainty of time laid up in store’, the belief that we have so much time to do everything we could possibly want to do in life, it’s only as we age, that we realise our time is limited. This limitation on time is illuminated in Down the M4, when Abse depicts our journey through life as ‘further than all distance known’, yet instantly undermines this when saying ‘it won’t keep’. This suggests that when we are young, looking into the past in adulthood seems a very long distance away, but at a speed of a car on the motorway, it is present. In Wild Oats, Larkin explores a certain aspect of human nature, how we often enter lasting relationships, that we know will not be productive, yet we still continue due to our fear of failure. Larkin not only uses enjambment and a series of conjunctions in the first two stanzas to show the length of the pointless relationship, but he in fact uses the relationship to explore how our lust for the ideal, can lead to failure in love. The final stanza in Wild Oats deals with the bitter break up Larkin encounters with his second choice for a girlfriend. The phrase, ‘Five rehearsals’ explicitly conveys the much anticipated end to this doomed relationship. He admits his shortcomings and pushes, what must have been, a major portion of his life’s experience to one side with a single poignant line, ‘Well, useful to get that learnt. This line makes it clear to the reader that he really hasn’t learned anything significant from his experiences. It emphasises his bitterness towards the complete uselessness of the relationship. Larkin’s sarcasm also shows the reader how he wishes he had gone with the woman he had fantasised about rather than wasting his time chasing something he didn’t believe in; his perception of love. Towards the end of the stanza Larkin again refers to the woman with a sexual undertone when he writes ‘bosomy rose with fur gloves on’. The gloves are an obvious sexual symbol, but this hint of something more voluptuous is immediately supressed and voided of any positive connotation by Larkin’s denigration of the photographs, or possibly the gloves as ‘Unlucky charms, perhaps’, a frank, nonchalant admission that longing for what he knew he could never acquire has been the reason for his failure in love. In Down the M4, Dannie Abse illuminates how our quest for the ideal life is ridiculous, instead suggesting that old age and mortality is inevitable, as our enjoyable lives ‘won’t keep’.

Miscellaneous Uses of the Spanish Conditional Tense

Miscellaneous Uses of the Spanish Conditional Tense As a general rule, as explained in our introduction to the Spanish conditional tense, the English would is the equivalent of the Spanish conditional. But there are exceptions. The major ones are listed below: Examples of when the conditional tense isnt translated as would To express speculation about the past: Just as the future tense can be used to express speculation about the present, the conditional can be used to express speculation or probability about the past. A variety of translations can be used, depending on the context. Despuà ©s de trabajar, tendrà ­an hambre. After working, they probably were hungry. Another possible translation is After working, they must have been hungry. (A would translation is also possible: After working, they would have been hungry.)  ¿Dà ³nde estuvo Jorge? Estarà ­a en casa. Where was George? He must have been at home. Another possible translation is Where was George? I wonder if he was at home. (A would translation is also possible: He would have been at home.) Where the conditional poder is translated as could: This is a variation on the would rule, for poder, which when conjugated can mean can, can also be translated as to be able. When could means the same as would be able, the conditional is usually used. Si tuviera dinero, podrà ­a ir al cine. If I had money, I could go to the movies. (This is a use of the conditional based on a condition. It also could be translated as If I had the money, I would be able to go to the movies.) Podrà ­an salir maà ±ana. They could leave tomorrow. (Here the condition is unstated. The sentence also could be translated as They would be able to leave tomorrow.)  ¿Podrà ­a tener un lpiz? Could I have a pencil? (Or, would I be able to have a pencil?) Examples of when would isnt translated as the Spanish conditional When it refers to a past repeated action: In such cases, the imperfect is usually used. This use of would in English is usually understood as used to or as the past tense. Whats different in this instance from cases where would is in the conditional tense is that the activity isnt hypothetical. Cuando era nià ±o, à ­bamos al cine. When I was a boy, we would go to the movies. (This is the same as saying we used to go to the movies or we went to the movies. Going to the movies isnt a hypothetical action.) Mi hijo jugaba con cuidado. My son would play carefully. (This is the same as saying, My son used to play carefully.)

How the Media Contributes to Obesity in Children Research Proposal

How the Media Contributes to Obesity in Children - Research Proposal Example Many food advertisements feature less healthy foods with high sugar levels and low nutrients. In my research, I will also discuss the emerging tendency of food companies sponsoring children's programs. When children are persuaded by the adverts, they gain the capacity to influence their parents to make purchases of the advertised foods. I will also discuss how children have adopted a less active lifestyle of watching television without much physical activity. This contributes to the development of obesity as well. My purpose of developing this research paper will be presenting an argument on how increased exposure to the media, which is full of food advertisements, has contributed to the development of obesity in children. The audience for my research paper will be mainly my classmates as well as the professor. Recently, the media has been criticized for its increased adverse effects on the society. However, there is evidence that many people are still unaware of how children who continually watch television and spend time on other media forms are more susceptible to obesity. In order to develop an effective research paper that proves to be highly persuasive, I will indulge in a rigorous research, gathering information about obesity in children especially focusing on the statistics. I will consider both the positive and the negative sides of the media but narrow my focus to the complex relationships between increased hours interacting with the media and the increased susceptibility to obesity (Desrochers, Debra, and Holt 185). One of the sources authored by Desrochers and Holt prove to be highly intriguing because it introduced the issues of childhood obesity as a major health concern after the findings of the Institute of medicine in 2005. The research by these authors highlights how television advertisements have contributed to the rising cases of obesity (Desrochers, Debra, and Holt 190). Reports from the federal trade commission, which have compared the modern day statistics with those of the past when children were exposed to fewer advertisements highlighting that increasing food advertisements have contributed to the surging childhood obesity.

Capacity in the BeiJing hotel market, after the BeiJing Olympics 2008 Dissertation

Capacity in the BeiJing hotel market, after the BeiJing Olympics 2008 - Dissertation Example Beijing is certainly no exception to this rule. It is important, however, that hotel development not result in a prolonged period of excess room inventory. Hotel overcapacity in China, in particular Beijing, has been a concern since the Chinese borders were opened up back in the late 1970s. Since that time, the number of tourist arrivals has increased nearly every year, providing a boon to nearly aspect of the tourist business. As a consequence, hotel development has escalated as well throughout the past four decades. The issue, however, is that it appears that hotel growth has now exceeded the growth in the overall tourist and business travel segment, resulting in sporadic periods of hotel overcapacity throughout the region. Since Beijing was awarded the Olympic games back at the beginning of this century, new hotel developments quickly drew the interest of tourist officials in anticipation of the record number of visitors that would grace the limits of Beijing during 2008. Hotel de velopment increased in fervour, yet the concern remained about overcapacity. The economic ramifications of such a phenomenon is quite serious. If there are simply too many hotel rooms available for a long stretch of time, hotels must lower rates to fill up existing rooms, which cuts into their bottom line. In the end, hotels fail and shutter their doors, leaving vacant buildings scattered throughout the city. This has occurred in other urban areas throughout China, Asia, and the rest of the world. It is a situation the Beijing is desperately trying to avoid. Now that the Olympics are over, it is time to conduct a feasibility study to determine if the numbers of hotels in Beijing are currently at capacity. At the same time, it is important to discuss what would happen if hotels continue to develop at a rate exceeding the number of visitors to the city. That had been the aim and goal of this project. Beijing is a city that has seemingly limitless potential for tourism operators. From the city itself, millions of tourists can find quality lodging and still be able to explore regions outside of Beijing and return the same day. The variety of tourist attractions, world class shopping malls, entertainment facilities have turned it into a regular holiday destination for people throughout the region, Asia, and internationally. As such, the demand for lodging at in the budget and luxury categories alike continues to grow. Developers, however, must be constantly leery of reaching a situation of overcapacity. As Chapter 2 will discuss, other cites throughout China have already experienced the economic ramifications that come with reaching such a phenomenon, so the industry would be wise to consider this